Readers may be surprised, for example, to find out that some of the earliest american cold war spies gave their loyalty to beijing, not moscow, prompting one. Then, when you are finished watching the video, write a oneparagraph summary of cold war espionage. Abstract during the cold war the united states developed an espionage style that reflected its love affair with technology technophilia whereas the soviet union and the east bloc continued a tradition of using humans to collect intelligence. Cold war tensions increased in the ussr when the us exploded its first hydrogen bomb in 1952. During the cold war, the soviet union and its allies acquired american military secrets that would have jeopardized the nations defense if the two superpowers. Moreover, government secrets can too easily lead to lies and are contrary to american principles. I hope readers who lived through the cold war will also find the volume useful, because as marx once said groucho, not karl, outside of a dog, a book is a mans best friend. Tension after world war 2 between the western world and the communist world.
Enliven your teaching of the cold war with a newly published casebased simulation in which students play the role of intelligence analysts at the cia in 1962. I read a great cold war spy story back in the late 1980s, but i cant remember the name. The cold war was a major world event that took place from approximately 1945 until 1990. What role did espionage play during the cold war by. Pdf the spy and the traitor the greatest espionage story. Espionage in the cold war e spionage is a very serious matter for some, a deadly serious business. The cold war was the crucible by which the united states was transformed into a global superpower and laid the basis for the national security state.
Intelligence, espionage, and cold war origins jstor. Chiang kaishek and the nationalists had to retreat offshore to the island of formosa taiwan. Should the united states reform its espionage and intelligencegathering methods. Intelligence, espionage, and cold war origins diplomatic history. Using the handout provided in class, complete the map below. It countered soviet geopolitical hegemony throughout the cold war b. These countries conducted espionage against each other and other countries to get information on subjects such as military secrets, government secrets. The couple were accused of providing topsecret information about radar, sonar, jet propulsion engines, and valuable nuclear weapon designs. Espionage was important in aiding either side get a hint into the enemys plot.
It violates international law and normal codes of civilized conduct, and yet it is virtually universal everywhere because it is considered a matter of vital national importance to states countries. Soviet union, while the third groups context is the postcold war period. East germanys cold war domestic and foreign intelligence service. This research work examines the us citizens espionage during the cold war and postcold war times. In general, the cold war was a period of increased tensions and hostility between the superpowers of the united states and the soviet union ussr. Kampiles sold the manual to a soviet military attache. Degnan united states army colonel stephen weiler project adviser this srp is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the master of strategic studies degree. Technical report 025 july 2002 espionage against the united states by american citizens 19472001.
The major exception to this is a small number of classified agreements governing intelligencesharing between allies. Soviet relations for decades and resurfaced as soon as the alliance against adolf hitler was no longer necessary. The main purpose of cold war espionage was to gather information and intelligence about the enemy, particularly their military and technical capabilities. Oleg kalugins observation that the cold war was not just an espionage war, but a deadly struggle of irrecon.
State department, the treasury department, and the white house itself. One of the most famous fictional spies is james bond, a british mi6 agent involved in various espionage. A new history is meant chiefly, therefore, for a new generation of readers for whom the cold war was never current events. I hope readers who lived through the cold war will also find the volume useful, because as marx once said groucho, not karl, outside of a. Many hollywood spy movies take place during the cold war. Espionage was a key tool of the cold war and helped both superpowers the united states and the soviet union in their policies to expand their influence. Pdf technophilic hubris and espionage styles during the cold war. A true story of cold war espionage and betrayal company confessions near and distant neighbors disciples the image of the enemy the secret war being nixon and one man against the. Soviet espionage and the cold war oxford academic journals. Part 1 compares data across three cohorts of persons by when the individual began espionage. Changes in espionage by americans since the end of the cold war.
The spy and the traitor the greatest espionage story of the cold war by ben macintyre. From the red gold, keep thy finger something about russian gold that was tainted or radioactive or something about red mercury too. Cold war tensions increased in the us when the ussr exploded its first atomic bomb in 1949. The first two groups reflect a context in the cold war between the united states and the soviet union, while the third groups context is the post cold war period. It is interesting to note that where information about the russians could be gleaned from. In the meantime, since march 1947, efforts to crack down on soviet espionage had.
Espionage is the process of gathering intelligence and information about a rival or enemy, usually through secret operations. While the united states won the cold war, the east bloc won the spy wars because of a more effective espionage style. Cold war, the open yet restricted rivalry that developed after world war ii between the united states and the soviet union and their respective allies. Mao zedong led communist forces in a civil war against chiang kaisheks aka jiang jieshi nationalist government. By examining declassified intelligence documents and u2 photographs at various stages of the cuban missile crisis, students live the crisis rather than only read about it. This summary includes only major findings, which are supplemented with others and presented. The ideological and geopolitical competition between the united states and the soviet union shaped the global and regional makeup of the modern world and its legacies continue to. The cold war period was crucial in defining each of the superpowers identity, and in establishing their respective authorities globally. The open business climate between america and chinathe sort of climate that did not exist between america and the soviet union during the. Espionage notes 70s i the age of paranoia a public trust. Cold war espionage has been fictionally depicted in works. She also provides a unique spin on the cold war spy thriller. The scale of chinas relentless espionage activities is far more understandable thanks to their work.
This report compares three groups of espionage offenders defined by when they began espionage activities, not by when they were uncovered or arrested. Espionage against the united states by american citizens. Techniques for concealing the very existence of a message secret inks or microdots. Yet fortunately, because the cold war never erupted into an armed conflict, the united states always had time to take countermeasures and recover from the damage done by those spies. The culture trip profiles espionage literature classics that give james bond a run for his money. Both sides in the cold war used spies as a way of acquiring knowledge of what the other was doing or to spread false knowledge of what one side was doing. All major cold war powers had agencies that engaged in espionage. Espionage tactics that conceal or withhold information in the name of national security are unnecessary and show disrespect for the american people. It was times more powerful than the hiroshima atomic bomb. Throughout the cold war, neither side had attacked the others homeland. American communists had cooperated with soviet espionage against the united states and had assisted in stealing the technical secrets of the atomic bomb as well as penetrating the u. Technical report 025 july 2002 federation of american.
The attack on americas intellectual property espionage. Oleg penkovsky and the cuban missile crisis, intelligence and national security volume 14, number 3 1999. Wood 15 revolutionary movements in asia and the cold war 251 michael h. After the debatable success of the atomic bomb there was talk of using it again every country now wanted to know who had one, where it was kept, and whenif they would be using it. Introduction, notes, bibliographical references, index. It was waged on political, economic, and propaganda fronts and had only limited recourse to weapons. A graduate of the university of texas, where he studied with robert divine, his books include the united states and the origins of the cold war 1972, russia, the soviet union, and the united states 1978, strategies of containment 1982, and, most recently, the long peace 1987.
Spies could become double agents and the whole story has. Throughout history, modern and ancient, we have heard of individuals who go undercover to fulfill the wishes of his group or country. Espionage played an important role in the cold war and highlighted the ongoing tensions between the two. The cold war questions and answers discover the community of teachers, mentors and students just like you that can answer any question you might have on the cold war. But we know very little, as yet, about just what that role was. The cold war in asia, africa, and latin america 237 14 from the marshall plan to the third world 239 robert e. While the extent of cold war espionage is often exaggerated, both the united states and soviet union certainly spent heavily on recruiting, training and deploying spies and agents. With a huge nation like china going communist, this was a bad loss for the u. But after september 11, 2001, america no longer had that time. Espionage against the united states from the cold war to the present michael j. The largest tension was between the us and the soviet union. While classical wartime espionage between adversaries was ac.
View notes espionage notes 70s from history 94 at new york university. Army war college is accredited by the commission on. Using the button to the right and your notes on the cold war, follow the directions on the pdf. Record in your notes at least the text in italicsblack why cold. Public trust in the us government has plummeted since 1970s i. Since the end of the cold war, however, there has been a virtual feeding frenzy of economic and industrial espionage by other nationsboth friend and foe aliketo steal americas trade secrets and intellectual property for economic and competitive advantage. The cold war rivalry between the united states and the soviet union lasted for decades and resulted in anticommunist suspicions and international incidents that led. Faced with teaching courses on intelligence history without.
Julius and ethel rosenberg were american citizens who were convicted of spying on behalf of the soviet union. Convicted of espionage in 1951, they were executed by the. In many ways, the cold war began even before the guns fell silent in germany and in the pacific in 1945. Levine 16 stalin and the korean war 265 kathryn weathersby 17 mao and sinoamerican relations 283 chen jian 18 the impact of the cold war on. Espionage from the revolutionary war to the dawn of the cold war michael j. The historian of postwar intelligenc thread of evidence spun out. Two years later, the allies had broken their friendship.
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